### Two Global Gas Pricing Hubs: Henry Hub in the US and TTF in Europe
There are two major global hubs for natural gas pricing: Henry Hub in the United States and the Dutch TTF Gas hub in Europe.
The price of natural gas, including Russian natural gas, is determined based on current global gas and oil prices.
1. **US Market (Henry Hub):**
- Current price: Tuesday saw an increase to $3.1 per million BTU (British Thermal Units).
2. **European Market (TTF):**
- Current price: Adjusted to $845 per 1,000 cubic meters.
### 1. Natural Gas in the US (NG)
The benchmark price for natural gas in the US is set at Henry Hub, a storage facility located in Louisiana.
### 2. European Gas
European gas trading primarily takes place on European gas hubs, with the largest being the Dutch TTF Natural Gas Exchange. This Dutch market leads the European gas trade due to its trading volume, which exceeds the domestic needs of the Netherlands by more than 14 times. Approximately 20 trillion cubic meters of gas are traded annually on this platform.
It is important to note that gas pricing mechanisms around the world are diverse. They include:
- **Exchange trading** (competitive pricing, as seen on TTF in Europe)
- **Oil-indexed pricing** (linking gas prices to oil prices)
- **Regulated prices** and **direct contracts**, where prices are determined by the balance of supply and demand, influenced by global benchmarks such as gas, oil, and coal prices.
Russian gas prices, particularly for export markets, have traditionally been heavily dependent on oil-indexed pricing. However, they are now more influenced by spot markets and competitive mechanisms, although the link to energy prices remains.
This overview was prepared by Alexey Grishchenko, Doctor of Economics, Professor at the Department of Operational and Sectoral Management of the Faculty of "Higher School of Management" at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.